Cell & Stem Cell Research

Biography

Biography: Viacheslav Mikhailov

Abstract

Prenatal development of man, some monkeys of old world and of rodents take places surrounded by decidual cells (DC). DC form around fetus special type of tissue named decidua patietalis and decidua basalis. Decidualization of endometrium is obligatory condition for fetus development. Decidua controls the growth of fetuses and progress of pregnancy. The immediate precursors of main types of decidual cells is not characterized yet. There are demonstration of bone marrow origin of large decidual cells (LDC) and of metrial granulated cells (Kearns, Lala, 1982; Peel et al., 1983; Bulmer and Sunderland, 1984). The precursors of LDC also observed under uterine epithelium during rat and human implantation (Galassi, 1968; Mikhailov, 2003). Decidua is turnover type of cell population. In accord with flow cytometry the proliferative activity of human decidua parietalis of first pregnant trimester is near 3.5 ± 0.3%. Before birth the proliferative activity comes down up to 1.6 ± 0.2%. In case of mild and severe preeclampsia the level of proliferating cells decreases up to 1.1±0.2 % and 0.45 ± 0.2% accordingly. Severe preeclampsia is also characterized by prominent abnormality of DC DNA content and by decrease of decidua thickness. It means that DC loss are not compensated by precursors or by stem cells proliferation at severe preeclampsia (Mikhailov et al., 1992). To maintain the point of view for bone marrow stem cells as source of precursors for DC we studied the influence of rat bone marrow cells (BMC) transplantation on rat fetus development and pathological changes of pregnancy course. BMC were prepared from bone marrow of pregnant rats and injected intra vein of pregnant rat of the same date of pregnancy immediately. The state of fetuses was controlled at 18th day of pregnancy. It was shown that transplantation of BMC of pregnant rats into pregnant rats of the same date of development is not provided by teratogenic effects. At the same time there is increase of size of the fetuses in case of BMC transplantation during implantation (6-9 days of pregnancy) and by retardation the fetuses growth in case of BMC transplantation during placentation (11-12 days of pregnancy). The increased size of fetuses after BMC transplantation during implantation may be explained by positive paracrine effect of transplanted allogenic BMC for growth of fetuses as consequence of increased decidua growth. Early we had observed that rat BMC transplantation to pseudopregnant rats increased the sizes of rat decidual tissue (Domnina et al., 2014). The retardation of growth of rat fetuses can be also achieved by injections of rabbit anti-kidney or anti-decidua anti-serums. (Mikhailov, 1967). The work was supported by Grant RFBR # 14-04-00259-a and by MCB RAS program.